EXAMINATION OF PROBLEM FACING SMALL SCALE BUSINESS IN RURAL AREAS OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT:
This research work was carried out to assess the problems facing small scale business in rural areas of Edo State. In recent times, some small scale business organizations in this country, particularly those in the rural areas of Edo state seem to be incapable of growing and expanding and there are no traces of new ones coming up because of the numerous limitations to their growth . Those disturbing observation prompted the researcher to assess the problems facing such existing small scale business in the rural areas. The first chapter dealt with background and relevance of small scale business. The second chapter dealt with literature review where textbooks, journals and material related to this easy are reviewed, in this chapter scholar’s definition and meaning of small scale business were highlighted. Chapter three dealt with methodology, chapter four deals with presentation and analysis of data while chapter five deals with summary, conclusion and recommendation. From the research findings, the researcher was able to reach the conclusion that if proper planning, provision of raw materials, provision of skilled manpower, infrastructural development and financial provision are put in place small scale business can contribute greatly to the economic development of Edo state Nigeria through employment creation, revenue generation etc.
The researcher was also able to recommend that owners of small scale enterprise should ensure proper record keeping, planning should be at high standard, the right infrastructures should be put in place, business environment should be located in a favourable place to employee and government in their own way encourage and provide means of capital for small scale business owners.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Pages
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
ABSTRACT vii
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction 1
Statement of the Problem - - - - - - 4
Research questions - - - - - - 5
Purpose of the Study - - - - - - 5
Significance of the Study - - - - - - 6
Scope of the Study - - - - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Concept of Small Scale business Organization 7
Sources of fund 10
Personal Funds (Equity) 10
Loans from relatives and friends 11
Trade credit 11
Sales of Capital Stock 17
Financial Management 17
Problems of small scale business in Rural areas 18
Role Of Small Scale Business In Rural Areas 21
Summary of Review of Related Literature 22
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
Design of the Study 24
The population of the Study 24
Sample and Sampling Techniques 25
Instrumentation 25
Validity of the Instrument 26
Method of Data Collection 26
Method of Data Analysis 26
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 27
Discussion of Results 34
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 37
Summary 37
Conclusion 38
Recommendations 39
Suggestion for Further Study 40
REFERENCE 42
APPENDIX 44
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION -
Nigeria is one of the countries in West Africa with vast population of both human and natural resources for her full development. One of the ways developing countries like Nigeria starts high level development is through the establishment of different types of business organisation that will help the country to channel her resources into productive areas. This means that business organisation can play a major role in the process of transforming an underdeveloped economy like Nigeria into a developed one.
Business organisations form the most important aspect of the economy of every developed nation. There are different kinds of organisations such as governmental, religious, charity, trade unions and associations but none of the above mention appears to be as important to the economy as the business organisations, this is because they are closely and generally identified as economic institutions. In most parts of the world, the high value of small scale enterprises in the process of socio-economic development has been well documented, particularly in developing countries. It is now realised that large scale enterprise cannot be alone be expected to play a dynamic role, that they are suppose to play in the rapid growth and development of the economy. (Nwoye, 1994).
Business organisations can therefore be described as an organised effort or activity by a person or a group of persons employing the resources of the environment to produce and distribute goods and services with objective of maximising profit. (Barach, 1977). The major incentive for setting up a business enterprise is the profit motive, There are many entrepreneurs that do not easily recognise that they are established in other to provide some services to the society. In such cases, providing services is the same as creating a customer to achieve whatever objective he may have. A business man or woman must be familiar with event in his or her environment.
Commencing a new business like small scale business in Nigeria and making it grow involves both the science of creation and art of management. It also entails a lot of risk but chances of making it succeed will be better if one understand the problems that will be met and work out as many of them as possible before the business takes off and such Problems includes Failure to plan, skilled manpower, infrastructure, finance, raw materials.
Another important consideration for any businessman and woman is the decision to know about the form of business organisation to adopt. Basically there are three forms of business ownership, we have the single proprietorship, partnership and corporation. Single proprietorship is an enterprise owned by an individual, the owner is the manager, it is commonly found in the areas of retailing firms, professional practice, repair shops e.t.c. The formation of a small business under single proprietorship does not need any legal formalities, since the business and its ownership are often one and the same. (Nwoye, 1994). Partnership is a form of business organisation owned by two or more persons by voluntary arrangement. As is sole proprietorship, partnership is not a separate entity from the owners. The legal requirements in formation of a partnership are also minor in registration of business and securing of a license or permit. (Nwoye, 1994).
Small scale business is any business organisation whose annual turn-over does not exceed five hundred thousand naira (500,000). Its capital includes cost of machinery and equipment which does not exceed six hundred thousand naira and employees not more than fifty workers
Corporation is the most complex type of business organisation both in formation and operation. A business corporation has been described as legal entity having separate life from its owner unlike the two other forms of business organisation, The ownership is represented by shares of stock in the company. Anyone who owns shares in a corporation becomes part owners of the business. To determine which of these three categories of organisations that best describe a particular business organisation, a number of factors are considered such as availability of capital required, ability and experience of owner, difficulty of organisation, degree of control, types of business engaged, the size of the market and even the location.
The increasing rate of failure of many small scale business organisations in the rural areas of Edo State, suggest that this kind of business is facing some problems, this situation has prompted this study to wanting to examine both the remote and immediate problems if any that faces this business organisation
Statement of the Problem
Small scale business in the rural areas of Edo State have problems that are widely observed by the generality of the people. Small scale business appears to be either disappearing or incapable of growing and expanding. It appears that many undergraduates are roaming the street without job, this existing and disturbing observation has prompted the researchers to carry out this study to assess the problem confronting small scale business from going into extinction, if this trend is not curtained now, sooner or later, unemployment rate would be uncontrollable in Edo state due to the unenticing nature of small scale enterprises in The rural areas . Most small scale enterprises in rural areas are unattractive to graduates due to lack of infrastructural development and other factors.
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to identify the problem facing small scale business organization in Edo State. Specially, the study sought to ascertain:
1. The way Financial problem affect small scale business in Edo state.
2. The way lack of infrastructures affect small scale business in Edo state.
3. The way failure to plan affect small scale business in Edo state.
4. The way lack of skilled power affect small scale business in Edo state.
5. The way raw material problem affect small scale business in Edo state.
Research questions
The questions which this study attempt to answer is:
1. How does Financial problem affect small scale business in rural areas of Edo state?
2. How does lack of plan affect small scale business in Edo state?
3. How does raw materials problem affect small scale business in Edo state?
4. How does infrastructure problem affect small scale business in Edo state?
5. How does lack of skilled manpower affect small scale business in Edo state?
Significance of the Study
This project is written with a view to presenting an examination in problems facing small scale business organisations in the rural areas of Edo State, which of course will enlighten the mind of scholars and other interested persons that are inquisitive in knowing the problems confronting the small scale business organisation.
This study is expected to be of great benefit to all prospective and aspiring individuals who want to operate business enterprises in rural areas of Edo State. So also it is intended to benefit other researchers, policy planners and government both at state and Federal levels.
Scope of the Study
This study of the trends in business organisation is specifically related to small scale business and in particular problems facing small scale problems in rural areas. But this is not to say that large scale business organisation is not facing some problems. But due to time and financial constraint, only a sample of the small scale business organisations in the rural areas of Edo State will be included in the study
.