THE ROLE OF THE BROADCAST MEDIA IN THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST HIV AND AIDS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF NTA ILORIN)


THE ROLE OF THE BROADCAST MEDIA IN THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST HIV AND AIDS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF NTA ILORIN)  

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to ascertain the role of Broadcast media, particularly the television medium, in educating the public of human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AID) as well as caring for the HIV infected person in Kwara state Nigeria using NTA as a medium for case study. It seeks to find out whether the television has been able to really round government support for the containment of HIV/AIDS. Random selection method was adopted and questionnaires were distributed to the participant of these questionnaire were analyzed using simple frequency table and percentages. The result show that television, as a medium of mass communication has been able to raise awareness on HIV/AIDS through its various programme, which are geared towards enlightening people about HIV/AIDS or helping the infected person to live positively.

Intriguingly and curiously, it was also found that this awareness does not reflect in the attitude of people in terms of risky sexual behaviour as HIV/AIDS infection is still on the increase in the states. Thus, this paper recommends that television progrmame should explore avenues of rallying stakeholders in the fight against HIV/AIDS.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of content vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1Background of the study

1.2Statement of problem

1.3Objective of the study

1.4Significance of the study

1.5Research questions

1.6Research hypothesis

1.7Definition of terms

1.8Assumption of terms

1.9Assumption

1.10Scope & limitation of the study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0Literature review

2.1The review

2.2The media campaign against aids

2.3Assessment of the media effect

2.4Summary of the literature review

CHAPTER THREE

3.0Research Methodology

3.1Research  methodology

3.2Research  method

3.3Research  design

3.4Research  sample

3.5Measuring instrument

3.6Data  collection

3.7Method  of  data  analysis

3.8Expected result

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Data presentation and analysis

4.1Data   Analysis

4.2Analysis of research

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Summary, Conclusion, Implication 

and Recommendation

5.1Summary

5.2Conclusion

5.3Implication of findings

5.4 Recommendation

Reference

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

For broadcast media campaign on any issue to interest the public, it must not be regarded as fallacious or unsystematically prepared but rather involving messages on existing  public interest to the people based on experiences, facts, beliefs, socio- economic and educational backgrounds.

Against this background, the federal government in conjunction with other countries of the world through the World Health Organization (WHO) decided to embark on massive campaigns against AIDS pandemic in the country.

The broadcast media, as part of its effort to eradicate this deadly scourge in conjunction with the federal government through the ministry of Health in 1986 established the National AIDS control Programme in response to public concerns raised of the presence of Human Immune Deficiency syndrome Virus (HIV) infestation in Nigeria.

Again, in response to the evidence and the debate  on the existence if AIDS  in Nigeria, the  then Minister of Health, Profession Olukoye Ransom Kuti in 1987, instituted  the National expert Advisory committee on AIDS (NEACA) and was charged with the responsibility of establishing whether or not  AIDS exists in Nigeria . They were also mandated to advise the government as well as draw up programme, strategies and activities to prevent control of HIV infection in the country.

The report from the committee stated that “HIV and AIDS existed in Nigeria and warned that unless immediate steps were taken to prevent the spread of the diseases, the country would be faced with tremendous health problem. This necessitated the establishment of AIDS Co-coordinating units and twenty one (21) testing facilities in the various states of the federation. Training was conducted for personnel to man these centre. There were also public enlightenment activities and production of educational materials like posters, handbills, pamphlets, and books on AIDS.

In February 1989, a two weeks workshop was organized by the Federal   Ministry of Health, and other Human services Organizations including states ministries of health with the technical assistance from the global programme on AIDS (GPA), World Bank and other international agencies to   address the issue of AIDS in Nigeria. In March 1990, a resources mobilization meeting was convened with participation by the Federal ministry of Health, by the World Health Organization, Global Programme on AIDS and other International donor agencies.

Also in march, the National AIDS  Co-coordinating units  had the  first “All Nigerian conference  on AIDS” during which the then vice President, Admiral  Augustus Aikomu (LTD) launched the  maiden edition on the  Hand book on  HIV  infection and AIDS for health workers. All these efforts were aimed at affecting possible solution towards cursing the AIDS measure in Nigeria and to ensure healthier environment for the popular.

Assertions have been made that the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a mere fallacy and government propaganda of scaring people from enjoying   sexual relationship. Some ridiculous names have been given the acronym AIDS, such as America idea of Dissuading Sex, Animal infected diseases syndrome and so on. It has been discovered that the greater number of people infected by AIDS fall within the range of 20 – 40 years of age which is the prime age of life.

Despite this fact, the non-challenge of our masses still prevails in relation, to accept the media campaign on AIDS as a complete truth. Moreover, one should not forget that it takes a lot of courage and grief to affect change in a society.

Though this study may not go into the structure of the AIDS control Programme or the dangers inherent in AIDS, it will look at the information management and the use of media campaigns to facilities proper public understanding of programme. It will prove the degree of which the entire public have related to the AID campaign and to what extent these campaigns have helped alert the masses on the dangers of AIDS, and then make recommendations.

THE AIDS DISEASE IN NIGERIA

Human Immune virus (HIV) infection and AIDS in Nigeria was first discovered in 1984 among researchers at the National Institute for medical Research, Yaba Lagos .The first evidence of AIDS in Nigeria was reported to Health Officials by Nasidi and Heavy in 1986. According to him, the first few cases were seen in prostitutes in Lagos and former Anambra State, now Anambra and Enugu State respectively.

In September 1991, Federal Ministry of health and social services reported officially that    out of 125,00 book sample screened for HIV infection nationwide, 830 were seropositive given a seroprevalance rate of  about 0.66 percent and these confirmed  the existence of HIV infection nationwide.

BROADCASTING IN NIGERIA

British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) started to broadcast to its dominions in 1930. By 1932, Nigeria started receiving BBC; Lagos received and disseminates those messages into homes through re-diffusion sets in the major cities of the colony.

Later in 1959, Nigeria became the first African country to operate and own a television station called Western Nigeria Television (WNT) followed by East central state broadcasting services on October 1st 1960, the former eastern Region transmitted its own radio and Television signals over the air to coincide with the attainment of Nigeria Independence.

In1962, the Northern Region Governors started its own broadcasting system, which was the most successful among the three in commercial advertising and coverage of public awareness programme. To achieve this, it started a bolster television station near Lagos so that its residents could equally switch on to the regionalization of the broadcast media. They were used as powerful political instrument   for the integration of each region and cultivation of regional awareness more than national consciousness and integration. The politicians, who established this, tremendously exploited them for sectional politics.

The radio is the most effective medium of information at the grassroots level in Nigeria. The effectiveness of this medium has further been enhanced by the Organizations decentralization. The only radio network in the country is now the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria(FRCN), it has  in the past embarked on the regionalizing  or even localizing greater proportion of radio  programming in every part of the country, this leaving the network look up to only essential national programmes. The other regionally based radio stations like Radio Television Kaduna (RTK) , Western Nigeria Broadcasting Service  (WNBS), Eastern Nigerian Broadcasting  Services, later known as Anambra Broadcasting Services were  equally effective in meeting with the regional  or local needs which they were set up  to satisfy .

In the area of health campaigns  which is the main fulcrum in this study, the broadcast media have played key roles in bringing awareness on   health Programmes such as Immunization,  Oral  Retardation therapy (ORT), AIDS Polio, and Liver blindness.

Such campaigns are attributed to behavioural attitude change due to media effect. This study is meant to study the role of broadcast media in the campaign against HIV/AIDS.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Some people still regard the existence of AIDS in Nigeria as a mere fallacy. Yet, the AIDS Co-ordinate unit has proved that there is rapid emergency of AIDS infected person in Nigeria.

Therefore, the urge to identify the information efficiency of these HIV/AIDS campaigns, their acceptance and relevance to people has led to the study.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This study intends to discover the broadcast media most especially (NTA Ilorin) handling of health problems. It wishes to know how these campaigns either locally or nationally have restructured people’s attitude towards sexual behaviour.

It is aimed at discovering the hindrance in accepting these jingles from the broadcast media. It also intends to reveal the general out of outlook of messages and to know if the broadcast media have lived up to the expectations.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

It has been noted in many parts of the country that AIDS is fast spreading, Statistics show that its infected persons are increasing on daily bases. It is very crucial to alert the entire masses of the dangers inherent in curing an infected person.

It is also necessary to reveal the extent the high rate especially among infants and its remedy for the future generation.

It is hoped therefore that the entire masses, policy makers, media practitioners, students, government officials will benefit from the study.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This following question from the corner stone of the research.

1. Do the Nigeria Television Authority Ilorin (NTA) affect the attitude of the entire masses of Ilorin toward their sexual behaviours?

2. To what extent is the NTA campaign message on AIDS helped to alert the masses on the imminent dangers of AIDS?

3. In what ways do the masses perceive the NTA campaigns against AIDS sine its inception?

4. What is the remedy for the non-challant attitude of the masses towards NTA Ilorin campaigns against AIDS?

1.6 RESEARCH    HYPOTHESIS

H0 : Broadcast campaigns on AIDS have changed the sexual behaviour of the entire masses.

H1 : Broadcast media on AIDS have not change the sexual behaviour of the masses.

H0 : The information efficiency of broadcast media tends to reduce the spread of AIDS on the entire masses.

1 : The information efficiency of the media does not tend to reduce the spread of AIDS on the   entire masses.

H0 The campaigns of AIDS are more to scare the entire masses from causal sex.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS is an infections diseases spread by a virus, it is called syndrome, because it consists of several signs and symptoms.

HIV: Human Immune virus, (HIV) is a retrovirus; a group of virus, HIV is a retrovirus, a group of virus that is still largely known. HIV has been accepted internationally. The virus destroys genetic material and the damage is permanent.

MASS MEDIA:-It refers to the major mass communication channels. Radio, Television, Newspaper, magazines, film, Book, Telecommunication, media Training, Advertising and Public relations, news can reach to a large scatted heterogeneous society. The mass media inform and educate the masses based on the conviction that truth and reasoned judgment would emerge from conflicts of many voices on public issues.

CAMPAIGNS: It is organized series   of operations in the advocacy of same cause or object.

ROLE: It is a specific task or function played by an actor, an institution or organization for the realization of particular objectives.

TELEVISION: - It is the viewing of distant objects or event by electrical transmission. It serves as the vital force of educational enrichment. Television by its nature commends more audience because it combines both vision and sound to produce a package for the viewing public. It serves as an opinion leader and agenda setter in its news commentary. 

RADIO: - It is a genetic term applied to methods of signaling through space without connecting wires by means of electromagnetic waves generated by high frequency alternating currents. Radio can be used to communicate in the language of the people or project audience without any inhabitation and does not need any particular level of literacy. 

BROADCASTING: - It is the sending forth of material by radio, television for reception by the public. The international telecommunication union (ITV) defines broadcasting as a radio communication services in which the transmission are intended for the direct reception of the general public.

1:8 ASSUMPTIONS:-The role of the mass media in the campaigns against HIV/AIDS in Nigeria is assumed that the broadcast media play a key role in their effort to fight HIV in Nigeria. Looking at the agenda setting theory of the mass media, which stated that the media not only inform us but also influence us as what is important to know?

1.9 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY: - The scope of this study is limited to the media handling of health problems. It is also limited to the   survey of the broadcast media campaigns against HIV/AIDS. This scope is based on time and financial constraints.

.

THE ROLE OF THE BROADCAST MEDIA IN THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST HIV AND AIDS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF NTA ILORIN)



TYPE IN YOUR TOPIC AND CLICK SEARCH.






RESEARCHWAP.NET

Researchwap.net is an online repository for free project topics and research materials, articles and custom writing of research works. We’re an online resource centre that provides a vast database for students to access numerous research project topics and materials. Researchwap.net guides and assist Postgraduate, Undergraduate and Final Year Students with well researched and quality project topics, topic ideas, research guides and project materials. We’re reliable and trustworthy, and we really understand what is called “time factor”, that is why we’ve simplified the process so that students can get their research projects ready on time. Our platform provides more educational services, such as hiring a writer, research analysis, and software for computer science research and we also seriously adhere to a timely delivery.

TESTIMONIES FROM OUR CLIENTS


Please feel free to carefully review some written and captured responses from our satisfied clients.

  • "Exceptionally outstanding. Highly recommend for all who wish to have effective and excellent project defence. Easily Accessable, Affordable, Effective and effective."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I saw this website on facebook page and I did not even bother since I was in a hurry to complete my project. But I am totally amazed that when I visited the website and saw the topic I was looking for and I decided to give a try and now I have received it within an hour after ordering the material. Am grateful guys!"

    Hilary Yusuf, United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • "Researchwap.net is a website I recommend to all student and researchers within and outside the country. The web owners are doing great job and I appreciate them for that. Once again, thank you very much "researchwap.net" and God bless you and your business! ."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "Great User Experience, Nice flows and Superb functionalities.The app is indeed a great tech innovation for greasing the wheels of final year, research and other pedagogical related project works. A trial would definitely convince you."

    Lamilare Valentine, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • "I love what you guys are doing, your material guided me well through my research. Thank you for helping me achieve academic success."

    Sampson, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
  • "researchwap.com is God-sent! I got good grades in my seminar and project with the help of your service, thank you soooooo much."

    Cynthia, Akwa Ibom State University .
  • "Sorry, it was in my spam folder all along, I should have looked it up properly first. Please keep up the good work, your team is quite commited. Am grateful...I will certainly refer my friends too."

    Elizabeth, Obafemi Awolowo University
  • "Am happy the defense went well, thanks to your articles. I may not be able to express how grateful I am for all your assistance, but on my honour, I owe you guys a good number of referrals. Thank you once again."

    Ali Olanrewaju, Lagos State University.
  • "My Dear Researchwap, initially I never believed one can actually do honest business transactions with Nigerians online until i stumbled into your website. You have broken a new legacy of record as far as am concerned. Keep up the good work!"

    Willie Ekereobong, University of Port Harcourt.
  • "WOW, SO IT'S TRUE??!! I can't believe I got this quality work for just 3k...I thought it was scam ooo. I wouldn't mind if it goes for over 5k, its worth it. Thank you!"

    Theressa, Igbinedion University.
  • "I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much researchwap.com, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...."

    Joseph, Abia state Polytechnic.
  • "My friend told me about ResearchWap website, I doubted her until I saw her receive her full project in less than 15 miniutes, I tried mine too and got it same, right now, am telling everyone in my school about researchwap.com, no one has to suffer any more writing their project. Thank you for making life easy for me and my fellow students... Keep up the good work"

    Christiana, Landmark University .
  • "I wish I knew you guys when I wrote my first degree project, it took so much time and effort then. Now, with just a click of a button, I got my complete project in less than 15 minutes. You guys are too amazing!."

    Musa, Federal University of Technology Minna
  • "I was scared at first when I saw your website but I decided to risk my last 3k and surprisingly I got my complete project in my email box instantly. This is so nice!!!."

    Ali Obafemi, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Niger State.
  • To contribute to our success story, send us a feedback or please kindly call 2348037664978.
    Then your comment and contact will be published here also with your consent.

    Thank you for choosing researchwap.com.