THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ON THE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF THE NIGERIA BANKING SECTOR (A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC)
ABSTRACT
Since the past years, name of the students of the department of accounting either NCE or B.SC has made any write up in the topic Nigeria tax system. In view of this, it is necessary and important to let students of accountancy department and necessary and other department to know the important of tax system in the development of Nigeria economy. This has become imperative because of the ignorance of people on important of tax system, which has been a hindrance on the economic development. People usually feel cheated when asked to pay up their tax liabilities. If people are aware of he aims, objectives and contribution of the Nigeria tax system to the economy, they will not feel reluctant to discharge their civic responsibilities while the government will not hesitate to provide the masses with vital social amenities.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content vi
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems 4
1.3 Research Question 5
1.4 Objectives of the Study 6
1.5 Research Hypothesis 7
1.6 Significance of the Study 8
1.7 Scope of the Study 8
1.8Definition of Terms9
1.9 Plan of the Study 10
CHAPTER TWO
2.1Introduction11
2.2Meaning and concept of Information
Communication Technology and Globalization 12
2.3 Computer and Telecommunication 14
2.4 Information and Communication
Technology Oriented Product and Services 16
2.5 Benefits of the Application of Information
and Communication Technology 19
2.6 Challenges Facing the Application of
Information and Communication
Technology in the Nigeria Banking Sector 21
2.7 Historical Background of union Bank of Nigeria Plc 23
2.8 Current Development of Information and
Communication Technology of
Union Bank of Nigeria Plc 25
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Introduction 27
3.2 Sources of Data 27
3.3 Identification of Population Size and Sample 28
3.4 Method of Data Collection 28
3.5 Method of Data Analysis 28
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Introduction 30
4.2 Data Analysis and Presentation 30
4.3 Analysis of Questionnaire Administration 30
4.4 Analysis of Personal Data of Respondent 31
4.5 Analysis According to Research Question 33
4.6 Hypothesis Testing 36
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction 39
5.2 Summary of Findings 40
5.3 Conclusion 40
5.4 Recommendations 41
Reference43
Questionnaire46
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
A powerful force drives the world towards a company commodity and that force is technology (LEVITT 1992) from the beginning of the human era, technology has been one of the most essential and most important factors for the development and mainland (idoms et al, 1987). During the last two decades, technology changed often been related to economic growth in the form of new types of goods and services. Smith (1.976) first wrote about technical change in the form of new machines as one of the three important causes of increasing incomes more than two decades ago.
It is now generally accepted that, days traditional banking operation systems and services. These are no doubt that the effects of technology based credit assessment system, technology driven product development and computerized human resources management system, financial planning and monitoring system have completely altered the terrain for competition in the banking industry globally. Information has increasingly become the life of blood of any organization and the management of enterprises through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become an important strategy in any banking institution.
The greatest innovation that has taken place in the last two decades, Information and Communication Technology is the introduction of computer and advances in Information and Technology, which have transformed the global economic and have particularly put the banking sector on accelerated pace development. The information revelation has led to the convergence of the computing the telecommunication network, covering the would through cable and satellite information supper highways. Global networks have dismantled national boundaries and barriers and created a global village where one can access information from any part of the world by the mere touch of mouse.
The banking industry today appears to be truly improving with the technology and aiding globalization and integration of the world financial markets, there has been quantum jumps in the expectations of customers for newer product and alternative delivery pressure today about what customers are expecting in the future.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can therefore be defined as the modern handling of Information by electronic means of Communications (Ige, 1995) Information and Communication Technology has become helpful by allowing companies to gain access to their bank statement on personnel computer and also individual on their inabile planned.
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIA SECTOR
Development in a country can be measured in terms of it’s overall social, economic and political development. But no matter how develop the country is, it cannot be self sufficient, there is an everyday urge to improve in the social relationship, and economic development.
In Nigeria, during the pre-colonial era, there was always an interaction which starts mostly from trading activities which enables for country to exchange what it is had for what it requires. Trading was carried out among the various tribes that made up the present Nigeria Nation through the primitive methods of trade by banker systems which is the exchange of goods for services. However, as society grew more complex, these methods of exchange became insufficient coins and paper not were introduced and these made it easy for any amount of goods and services to be acquired at the exchange of such coins and paper notes.
The use of information technology is widespread from the most developed countries through the developing countries to the least developed countries, although the extent of overall use in directly related to the level of development. Deposit money bank since they are highly information intensive; have invested in Information and technology extensively. In developed countries, Information Technology has become a necessity for Financial Institution keep on trying to come out with new services / products.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The complexity of modern day banking necessitated the use of information and communication technology.
Therefore, the mobility of banks to fully adopt information and communication technology is the major research problems.
Although, most banks in Nigeria claim to have computerized their operations, it’s mostly in the areas of quotation of simple clerical procedure of personnel payroll and little of these operations are felt by the customers.
Information and communication technology are valid to banking operation while non application of the technology in the banking brings about inefficiency.
Hence, this research works is aimed at addressing the impact of information and communication technology on the operational efficiency of the Nigeria banking sector.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
Specially, the study is necessitated by t5he long customers waiting time at the counter which is as a result of the manual operation prevalent in the banking and how the impact of ICT has helped in operational efficiency of Nigerian banking sector.
The following issues would therefore critically examined
i. To what extend has the introduction of ICT has helped in achieving efficient services delivery?
ii. To what extend do the banks go in acquiring this knowledge?
iii. What are the problems faced by management in trying to implement the electronic banking system which is aided by ICT?
To what extend this work more significant
The following questions are to be address
i. What makes up information and communication?
ii. To what extend has bank applied information and communication technology on banking operation?
iii. What are the obstacles faced by banks with application of information
Which are information technology based pritum, (2002)
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
ICT has become anxious if bank do not have means of delivering their services can line and real time across their branches within the country and abroad.
The objectives are:
i. To know whether information technology has contributed to the profitability and efficiency of banks in Nigeria
ii. To find out whether information technology system has increase customers satisfactions.
iii. To know ICT has helped banks to reduce high cost of operation
iv. To know how the application ICT to the managing operations of the bank have been augmented
v. To ascertain whether or not the level of ICT used in Nigeria banking sector can make it complete favorably in the global financial market
vi. To identify and provide solution to the problems being encountered by banks in their use of information and communication technology.
vii. To ascertain whether or not the level of ICT used in Nigeria banking sector can make it complete favorably in the global financial markets.
viii. To identify and provide solution to the problems being encountered by banks in their use of information and communication technology.
ix. How information and communication technology has helped banks to reduce high cost of operation.
x. How the application of information and communication to the managing operations at bank have been augmented
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
In order to proffer solution to the research problems identified and to achieve the goal of this study, the following hypothesis shall be tested with the use of statistical tools;
HO: - is the null hypothesis
HI:- is the alternative hypothesis
i. HO: Information and communication technology has not brought about efficiency to the operations of the Nigerian banking industry.
HI: ICT has brought efficiency to the operations of the Nigerian banking industry.
ii. HO: implementation of ICT is risky, fraud-prone and it’s short comings over weight it’s benefit.
HI: Implementation of ICT is not risky and fraud-prone but does not out weight it’s short comings.
1.6 SIGNIFICNACE OF THE STUDY
This study attempts to fill the existing gap in the literature of information and communication technology in the Nigerian banking sector. Another significance is that, it serves as the basis of creating awareness on the application and impact of information and communication technology.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The Nigerian banking industry covers the role of information and communication technology placed on the banking operations of Nigeria, deposit money banks with special reference to union bank of Nigeria Plc. The period of the study is between 2014-2015.
The basis day to day operation of union bank of Nigeria plc forms the core of this study while the appraisals of the effectiveness of it’s on the Nigerian economy are examined. The study considered the various ICT products and services in relation to how they increase efficiency in banking services.
1.8 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
1. Automated Teller Machine (ATM) :- A machine usually in a wall outside the bank, form which you take money out of your bank account, using a special card.
2. Computer:- An electronic device that accept data as an input, process it and produce information an output as a result of step-by-step of instructions.
3. Woherem 2007 Data:- These are raw facts sent into the computer for processing e.g teller, it helps in decision making, or information in an electronic form that can be stored and processed by a computer.
4. Information Technology:- information technology is hardware, software and communication required for information system development and operations.
5. Nigeria Automated Cleaning System (NACS) :- A system for the electronic funds transfer between banks at Nigeria.
6. Smart Card:- A smart card with a electronics part that records and store information
7. Telegraph :- This is a method of sending and receiving messages by electronics or radio signals.
1.9 PLAN OF THE STUDY
This study in terms of coverage, it is divided into five chapters. Introduction review, research methodology, data presentation and analysis, conclusion and recommendation.
Chapter one involve introduction, which include background of the study, statement of the problems research questions, objectives of the study, research hypothesis, significance of the study, definition of terms and plan of the study.
Chapter two comprises of a true examination of the subject matter via literature review. This shed light on the work of different author and researchers in related fields, review of journals and articles that are related and relevant to the work included.
Chapter three, methodology explains the use of analysis which examine the data obtained from the investigation of the study.
Chapter four shows the data analysis and presentation, analysis of questionnaire, analysis of personal data of respondents, analysis according to research questions, testing of hypothesis.
Chapter five, the main findings of the study are discussed in addition, recommendation are also made.
CHAPTER TWO
This chapter is set aside for the review of related literature of the study. It will shed more light on the past work of different authors and some writers like journals, magazines and researchers in related field.
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This introduces the reader to information and communication technology of gathering, storing, classifying, manipulating and transforming information. Computer as one of the aspect of information and communication used by bank by way of networking their organization will also be introduced.
The last two decades have witnessed the growing impact at two distinct global trades that have profound implication on the economic rapid growth, ICT has increase global integration of trade and capital flows. The world today is a very fast phase on the technological high way and the fall out at this global innovation has enabled the banking system to achieve and enhance the level of productivity and handle a volume of transaction which have been impossible without the use of computers.
ICT, as defined by Alamatu, as the technology involved in acquiring, storing, processing and distributing information by electronic means. This information being distributed or disseminated by micro-electronics based commotion of computing and telecommunication includes vocal, pictorial and telecommunication includes vocal, pictorial, textual and numeric information.
Thus, the main areas of focus of this chapter are meaning and evolution of information and telecommunication technology in the banking sector. Other areas of focus are historical background of the case study that is union bank of Nigeria plc, ICT implementation in the Nigeria banking industry and its problems.
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