THE IMPACT OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA


THE IMPACT OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

The study examines the impact of disaster Risk Management on the development of small scale business in Northern Nigeria. The research questions that guided this study were: How effective is disaster risk management on local institutions in Northern Nigerian? What is the implication of mitigating disaster risk on small scale business in Northern Nigeria? How do Northern states access funds to manage risk associated with disaster? How does policy and operational support at state and federal level affect disaster risk management in Northern Nigeria? The survey method was used as the research design. The entire population of 35 person from NEMA and SEMA in five northern state with a population of 200 persons . A questionnaire design in five likert scale was used as the instrument of data collection. The mean (x) was used to analyze data. The result of findings indicates that The effectiveness of disaster risk management in Northern Nigeria is seen from the efficiency of  NEMA  in Northern Nigeria, as well as the effectiveness of state government  Disaster Risk prevention and monitoring  in Northern Nigeria, Ecological Fund allocated to Northern states are not  effectively managed. Funds are assessed to manage risk associated with disaster through Disaster risk mitigation trust Fund managed by state through formal  institutional structure, Fund raising and Ecological fund accessed from federal government, Bilateral and multilateral assistance at international level as well as accessing the global environmental facility fund of world bank.

CHAPTER ONE 

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the study

There are evidence to suggest that in many countries there has been an increase in the rise of natural disasters occurring – natural hazard rise – due to environmental degradation (World Bank 2002). Natural disasters are complex and multifaceted events resulting from mismanaged and unmanaged risks that reflect current condition and historical factors (Alexander 2000). Disaster risk is collective in its origin and remain a ‘public,’ shared risk that makes finding individual, and often community solutions, difficult (comfort 1999). A disaster is said to take place precisely because the losses originated by a given event overwhelm the capacity of a population (local, regional or national) to respond and recover from it. Disaster rise emerges from the interaction between a natural hazard – the external risk factor – and vulnerability – the internal risk factor (Cardona 2001).

International consciousness rising about integrated disaster risk management (of which disaster risk mitigation is a part) was given a boost by the recently concluded United Nations International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. 

Similarly, The Nigerian Disaster Management Act (Act 57 of 2002) heralds a new era as far as the way in which disaster risk, hazards and vulnerability will be perceived in Nigerian in the future. As one of the finest pieces of legislation ever promulgated in Nigerian, the right into the backyard of each and every state and local municipality, as well as all the organs of the state and entities in the public sector. 

It calls for the establishment of structures, frameworks, plans, procedures, and strategies that cut across all government sectors. It introduces a new way of managing the complex and perilous society in which we find ourselves. It further gives the responsibility of managing disaster risks to the highest political authority in each sphere of government.

The cornerstone of successful and effective disaster risk management is the integration and coordination of the entire role – players and their activities into a holistic system aimed at disaster risk reduction. Disaster risk reduction in Nigerian consists of a variety of crosscutting facts requiring the participation of a host of sectors and disciplines, not only from within the spheres of government (Federal State and Local), but involving the private sector, civil society, Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs), Community-Based Organizations (CBOs), Research Institutions, and Institution of higher Learning, to name but a few. In the context of disaster risk management, none of these role-players can act in isolation from the other.

Disaster Risk Management in Nigeria has been established as a public sector function within each sphere of government. But disaster risk management goes beyond pure line function responsibility. Disaster Management Act (Act 57 of 2002) as an integrated, multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary approach aimed at reducing the risks associated with hazards and vulnerability. It therefore needs to become an integral part of the development planning.

Process in order to be successful. For this reason disaster risk management plans form an integral part of the Integrated Development Plan of each of this state. In the light of this the budgeting process within the state government sphere in Nigeria, aiming at sustainable development within state government, the direct like with disaster risk management is undeniable of strategic importance. Development planning should therefore be assessed according to its contribution towards either risk reduction or disaster risk augmentation.

Unfortunately, the current policy and legislation do not provide adequate guidance to state government in terms of funding arrangements for disaster reduction, response and recovery. Various funds and funding mechanisms are available; this leads to a consideration amount of confusion. The need to consolidate all disaster reduction and response-related funding into one funding pool is well known and has been already discussed within the disaster management fraternity.

Although this would be the ideal situation, it is not realistic to assume that an all-inclusive fund would be in any way possible given the public financial infrastructure of Nigeria. It is against this background that this research is triggered and search light is put to northern Nigeria sequent to the current security challenges and flood that have brought untold hardship to people in the North.

1.2 Statement of problem

The act establishing the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) of Nigeria makes specific provision for the funding of post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation as well as requiring that a disaster management plan should be prepared for a specific  state and should form an integral part of  the state’s overall integrated development plan, such a disaster management plan must indicate measures to reduce the  vulnerability of disaster prone areas, communities and households, as well as the appropriate strategies for prevention and mitigation. 

But inspite of this provision, disaster risk management in Nigeria has being characterized with inefficiency arising from mismanagement or unmanaged mitigation as well as post emergency situations. This is owing to unclear processes for accessing funds to manage disaster by states and local government, especially when such funds is to be provided by the federal government. Other problems include corruption and mismanagement of fund provided by donor agencies as well as the inability to mitigate disaster risk by other private institutions. 

Notwithstanding states in Nigeria, especially Northern state experience difficulties in making fund available for  establishing and maintaining the disaster risk management arising from the on-going security challenges in Northern Nigeria. In order to address the problem a number of questions need to be answered.

It is against this, that the subject matter: The impact of disaster risk management on socio economic development of Nigeria: A case study of small scale businesses in the Northern part of Nigeria becomes an empirical problem worthy of being investigated.

1.3 Research Questions 

The research question below guided this studies:

1. How effective is disaster risk management on local institutions in Northern Nigerian?

2. What are the implication of mitigating disaster risk on small scale business in Northern Nigeria.

3.How do Northern states access funds to manage risk associated with disaster?

4. How does policy and operational support at state and federal level affect disaster risk management in Northern Nigeria?

The answer to the above-mentioned questions will determine the gap that exists between disaster risk management and socio-economic development in Northern Nigeria,which this studies focuses

1.4 Objectives of the Study 

The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of disaster management on  development of small scale businesses in Northern Nigeria. The specific objectives of the studies are to:

i. Assess the effectiveness of disaster risk management on local institutions in Northern Nigeria.

ii. Assess the implication of mitigating disaster risk on small scale businesses in northern Nigeria.

iii. Determine how funds are provided to manage disaster in Northern states.

iv. Determine how policy and operational support at state and federal level affect disaster risk management in the Northern Nigeria.

1.5 Research Hypothesis 

Ho1:Disaster risk management has no significant impact on the 

socio-economic development of Nigeria.

HA1:Disaster risk management has a significant impact on the 

socio-economic development of Nigeria.

H02:Disaster management is very effective in Nigeria 

HA2:Disaster management is ineffective in Nigeria

Ho3:Disaster management is properly funded in Nigeria.

HA3:Disaster management is poorly funded in Nigeria.

1.6 Significance of the Study 

The study may be beneficial to policy makers in both federal and state government level. Local institutions non government organization, corporate organization as well as scholars and the general public will find this research really significant.

To policy makers in the federal and state level, this study can be used as a basis for formulating policy frame work as regard disaster management. 

Local institutions, non governmental organization as well as corporate organizations will find this work really useful in their operations in areas of social responsibility, be a spring board to undertake further research and will also be a good reference materials for student who may wish to use the research report. The study may also add to the existing knowledge on the impact of Disaster Management on the socio economic development of Nigeria. 

1.7 Scope of the study 

The study covers an examination of the impact of disaster management on the development of small scale businesses in Nigeria. As such the boundary of this study is limited to an investigation of how effective disaster risk management is, and its impact on local institutions in the north with emphasis on small scale businesses. The time frame of this research covers a period from 2007 to 2011.

.

THE IMPACT OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA



TYPE IN YOUR TOPIC AND CLICK SEARCH.






RESEARCHWAP.NET

Researchwap.net is an online repository for free project topics and research materials, articles and custom writing of research works. We’re an online resource centre that provides a vast database for students to access numerous research project topics and materials. Researchwap.net guides and assist Postgraduate, Undergraduate and Final Year Students with well researched and quality project topics, topic ideas, research guides and project materials. We’re reliable and trustworthy, and we really understand what is called “time factor”, that is why we’ve simplified the process so that students can get their research projects ready on time. Our platform provides more educational services, such as hiring a writer, research analysis, and software for computer science research and we also seriously adhere to a timely delivery.

TESTIMONIES FROM OUR CLIENTS


Please feel free to carefully review some written and captured responses from our satisfied clients.

  • "Exceptionally outstanding. Highly recommend for all who wish to have effective and excellent project defence. Easily Accessable, Affordable, Effective and effective."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I saw this website on facebook page and I did not even bother since I was in a hurry to complete my project. But I am totally amazed that when I visited the website and saw the topic I was looking for and I decided to give a try and now I have received it within an hour after ordering the material. Am grateful guys!"

    Hilary Yusuf, United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • "Researchwap.net is a website I recommend to all student and researchers within and outside the country. The web owners are doing great job and I appreciate them for that. Once again, thank you very much "researchwap.net" and God bless you and your business! ."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "Great User Experience, Nice flows and Superb functionalities.The app is indeed a great tech innovation for greasing the wheels of final year, research and other pedagogical related project works. A trial would definitely convince you."

    Lamilare Valentine, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • "I love what you guys are doing, your material guided me well through my research. Thank you for helping me achieve academic success."

    Sampson, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
  • "researchwap.com is God-sent! I got good grades in my seminar and project with the help of your service, thank you soooooo much."

    Cynthia, Akwa Ibom State University .
  • "Sorry, it was in my spam folder all along, I should have looked it up properly first. Please keep up the good work, your team is quite commited. Am grateful...I will certainly refer my friends too."

    Elizabeth, Obafemi Awolowo University
  • "Am happy the defense went well, thanks to your articles. I may not be able to express how grateful I am for all your assistance, but on my honour, I owe you guys a good number of referrals. Thank you once again."

    Ali Olanrewaju, Lagos State University.
  • "My Dear Researchwap, initially I never believed one can actually do honest business transactions with Nigerians online until i stumbled into your website. You have broken a new legacy of record as far as am concerned. Keep up the good work!"

    Willie Ekereobong, University of Port Harcourt.
  • "WOW, SO IT'S TRUE??!! I can't believe I got this quality work for just 3k...I thought it was scam ooo. I wouldn't mind if it goes for over 5k, its worth it. Thank you!"

    Theressa, Igbinedion University.
  • "I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much researchwap.com, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...."

    Joseph, Abia state Polytechnic.
  • "My friend told me about ResearchWap website, I doubted her until I saw her receive her full project in less than 15 miniutes, I tried mine too and got it same, right now, am telling everyone in my school about researchwap.com, no one has to suffer any more writing their project. Thank you for making life easy for me and my fellow students... Keep up the good work"

    Christiana, Landmark University .
  • "I wish I knew you guys when I wrote my first degree project, it took so much time and effort then. Now, with just a click of a button, I got my complete project in less than 15 minutes. You guys are too amazing!."

    Musa, Federal University of Technology Minna
  • "I was scared at first when I saw your website but I decided to risk my last 3k and surprisingly I got my complete project in my email box instantly. This is so nice!!!."

    Ali Obafemi, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Niger State.
  • To contribute to our success story, send us a feedback or please kindly call 2348037664978.
    Then your comment and contact will be published here also with your consent.

    Thank you for choosing researchwap.com.